Madagascar vs Sri Lanka
Madagascar has a population of 31.7M, compared to Sri Lanka's 21.8M. Madagascar is 1.5 times more populous than Sri Lanka. Economically, Sri Lanka ($99.0B) has a GDP 5.7 times larger than Madagascar's ($17.4B). Madagascar covers 587,041 km², 8.9 times larger than Sri Lanka's 65,610 km². Life expectancy in Sri Lanka stands at 77.5 years, 13.9 years higher than Madagascar's 63.6 years.
MadagascarSri Lanka| Population | +45.8%31.7M | -31.4%21.8M |
| Area | +794.7%587,041 km² | -88.8%65,610 km² |
| GDP | -82.4%$17.4B | +468.1%$99.0B |
| GDP Per Capita | -87.9%$544.988 | +728.6%$4,515.568 |
| Life Expectancy | -17.9%63.6 yrs | +21.8%77.5 yrs |
| Infant Mortality | +734.0%44.2 | -88.0%5.3 |
| Literacy Rate | — | — |
| Unemployment | -24.1%3.0% | +31.7%4.0% |
| Capital | Antananarivo | Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte |
| Region | Africa | Asia |
| Languages | French, Malagasy | Sinhala, Tamil |
| Currencies | MGA (Ar) | LKR (Rs රු) |
Last updated: March 2026
All data sourced from World Bank Open Data (2025) and REST Countries API. Economic data may reflect most recent available year.
Population Comparison
Madagascar is 1.5 times more populous than Sri Lanka, with 31.7M residents compared to 21.8M. Madagascar is a nation of 31.7M people, while Sri Lanka is a nation of 21.8M people. In terms of population density, Madagascar averages 54 people per km² (moderate), while Sri Lanka averages 332 people per km² (dense). Madagascar has grown at 2.61% annually over the past decade. Population growth data is not available for Sri Lanka.
Economy Comparison
Madagascar is classified as a low-income economy, while Sri Lanka is classified as a upper-middle-income economy. The Sri Lanka economy ($99.0B) is 5.7 times larger than Madagascar's ($17.4B). Madagascar's GDP per capita of $544.988 is 75% below the regional average of 2,200 for Africa. Sri Lanka's GDP per capita of $4,515.568 is 60% below the regional average of 11,200 for Asia. On a per-capita basis, residents of Sri Lanka are on average 8.3 times wealthier than those in Madagascar.
Health & Quality of Life
Life expectancy in Madagascar is 63.6 years, compared to 77.5 years in Sri Lanka, a gap of 13.9 years. Sri Lanka (77.5 years) is 5.5 years above the global average of 72 years, while Madagascar (63.6 years) is 8.4 years below the global average of 72 years. At 44.2 deaths per 1,000 live births, Madagascar's infant mortality is 734% higher than Sri Lanka's 5.3.
Geographic Comparison
Madagascar (587,041 km²) is 8.9 times larger by land area than Sri Lanka (65,610 km²). Madagascar shares borders with 0 countries, while Sri Lanka borders 0 countries. Madagascar spans 1 timezone, compared to Sri Lanka's 1 timezone. Madagascar lies in Africa, while Sri Lanka is located in Asia. Madagascar is categorized within the Africa region (Eastern Africa), whereas Sri Lanka belongs to Asia (Southern Asia).
Key Differences
The most significant difference between Madagascar and Sri Lanka is in land area: Madagascar's 587,041 km² compared to Sri Lanka's 65,610 km² represents a 89% gap. The most significant difference between Madagascar and Sri Lanka is in infant mortality: Madagascar's 44.2 per 1,000 compared to Sri Lanka's 5.3 per 1,000 represents a 88% gap. The most significant difference between Madagascar and Sri Lanka is in GDP per capita: Madagascar's $544.988 compared to Sri Lanka's $4,515.568 represents a 88% gap. These disparities reflect the broader structural differences between Madagascar's low-income economy and Sri Lanka's upper-middle-income economy.
At a Glance: What the Numbers Mean
Living Standards
Sri Lanka has a GDP per capita of $4,515.568, which is 8.3x that of Madagascar ($544.988). This gap reflects differences in economic development, industrial structure, and workforce productivity. In practical terms, average purchasing power in Sri Lanka is significantly higher, though cost of living differences partially offset the raw income gap.
Population Density
Sri Lanka is 6.1x more densely populated than Madagascar (332 vs 54 people per km²). Higher density typically correlates with more urbanization, greater demand for public transit, and higher housing costs. Madagascar's lower density suggests more rural land use and potentially lower urban congestion.
Healthcare and Longevity
Citizens of Sri Lanka live an average of 13.9 years longer than those of Madagascar (77.5 vs 63.6 years). This gap reflects differences in healthcare access, nutrition, public health infrastructure, and environmental factors. This is a substantial gap that suggests significant differences in healthcare systems and overall living conditions.
Economic Momentum
Sri Lanka's economy grew at 5.0% compared to Madagascar's 4.2%. Sri Lanka's high growth rate suggests a rapidly developing economy with expanding opportunities.
Travel Comparison
Madagascar vs Sri Lanka for Families
For family travel, Sri Lanka generally edges ahead due to lower infant mortality (5.3 vs 44.2 per 1,000), which is a useful proxy for healthcare infrastructure and child safety. Madagascar offers its own advantages, including more geographic diversity for road trips. Both countries have family-friendly attractions, though Sri Lanka's higher GDP per capita typically correlates with better tourist infrastructure, public transport, and English-language availability.
Madagascar vs Sri Lanka for Budget Travelers
Madagascar is typically the more budget-friendly destination, with a GDP per capita of $544.988 translating to lower prices for accommodation, food, and local transport. Budget travelers in Madagascar can expect to spend significantly less per day than in Sri Lanka. However, Sri Lanka may offer better value in specific categories such as intercity transport or package deals. Shoulder season travel in either country helps reduce costs further.
Madagascar vs Sri Lanka for Retirees
Sri Lanka's life expectancy of 77.5 years suggests stronger healthcare infrastructure, which is a key factor for retirees. Madagascar may offer a lower cost of living, which stretches pension income further. Key considerations for retirees include visa and residency requirements, healthcare access, climate preferences, and proximity to international airports. Both countries have established expat communities, though the specific visa options and healthcare quality vary by region within each country.
Madagascar vs Sri Lanka Cost of Living
Sri Lanka's GDP per capita is 8.3x that of Madagascar, which generally correlates with a higher cost of living. Housing, dining out, and services tend to be more expensive in Sri Lanka, while Madagascar offers more purchasing power per dollar for everyday expenses. However, cost of living varies significantly by city within each country. Major urban centers in Madagascar can approach or exceed average costs in Sri Lanka's smaller cities.
Madagascar vs Sri Lanka for Digital Nomads
For digital nomads choosing between Madagascar and Sri Lanka, key factors include internet infrastructure, visa policies, cost of living, and timezone compatibility with clients. Madagascar spans 1 timezone while Sri Lanka covers 1. Madagascar's lower cost of living makes it attractive for stretching remote income. Both countries have growing digital nomad communities, though specific visa requirements for remote workers differ and should be verified before committing to a longer stay.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which is bigger, Madagascar or Sri Lanka by population?
Madagascar is larger by population, with 31.7M residents compared to Sri Lanka's 21.8M. Madagascar is 1.5 times more populous than Sri Lanka.
Which country has a higher GDP, Madagascar or Sri Lanka?
Sri Lanka has the higher GDP at $99.0B, compared to Madagascar's $17.4B. Sri Lanka's economy is 5.7 times larger.
How does life expectancy compare between Madagascar and Sri Lanka?
Sri Lanka has a higher life expectancy at 77.5 years, compared to Madagascar's 63.6 years. The gap between the two countries is 13.9 years. Madagascar's life expectancy is 8.4 years below the global average of 72 years, while Sri Lanka's is 5.5 years above the global average of 72 years.
Which country is larger by area, Madagascar or Sri Lanka?
Madagascar is larger by land area, covering 587,041 km² compared to Sri Lanka's 65,610 km². Madagascar is 8.9 times larger than Sri Lanka.
What languages are spoken in Madagascar and Sri Lanka?
Madagascar recognizes the following languages: French, Malagasy. Sri Lanka recognizes: Sinhala, Tamil. The two countries do not share an official language.
Which country has lower inflation, Madagascar or Sri Lanka?
Inflation data is not available for Madagascar. Sri Lanka's inflation rate is -0.4%.
Is Madagascar or Sri Lanka better for a family holiday?
For family travel, Sri Lanka generally edges ahead due to lower infant mortality (5.3 vs 44.2 per 1,000), which is a useful proxy for healthcare infrastructure and child safety. Madagascar offers its own advantages, including more geographic diversity for road trips. Both countries have family-frien...
Is Madagascar or Sri Lanka cheaper to visit?
Madagascar is typically the more budget-friendly destination, with a GDP per capita of $544.988 translating to lower prices for accommodation, food, and local transport. Budget travelers in Madagascar can expect to spend significantly less per day than in Sri Lanka. However, Sri Lanka may offer bett...
Is Madagascar or Sri Lanka better for retirement?
Sri Lanka's life expectancy of 77.5 years suggests stronger healthcare infrastructure, which is a key factor for retirees. Madagascar may offer a lower cost of living, which stretches pension income further. Key considerations for retirees include visa and residency requirements, healthcare access, ...
Is Madagascar or Sri Lanka more expensive to live in?
Sri Lanka's GDP per capita is 8.3x that of Madagascar, which generally correlates with a higher cost of living. Housing, dining out, and services tend to be more expensive in Sri Lanka, while Madagascar offers more purchasing power per dollar for everyday expenses. However, cost of living varies sig...
Is Madagascar or Sri Lanka better for digital nomads?
For digital nomads choosing between Madagascar and Sri Lanka, key factors include internet infrastructure, visa policies, cost of living, and timezone compatibility with clients. Madagascar spans 1 timezone while Sri Lanka covers 1. Madagascar's lower cost of living makes it attractive for stretchin...