Nepal vs India
Nepal has a population of 29.9M, compared to India's 1.42B. India is 47.4 times more populous than Nepal. Economically, India ($3.91T) has a GDP 91.1 times larger than Nepal's ($42.9B). India covers 3,287,263 km², 22.3 times larger than Nepal's 147,181 km². Life expectancy in India stands at 72.0 years, 1.6 years higher than Nepal's 70.4 years.
NepalIndia| Population | -97.9%29.9M | +4638.9%1.42B |
| Area | -95.5%147,181 km² | +2133.5%3,287,263 km² |
| GDP | -98.9%$42.9B | +9010.9%$3.91T |
| GDP Per Capita | -46.3%$1,447.31 | +86.2%$2,694.738 |
| Life Expectancy | -2.3%70.4 yrs | +2.3%72.0 yrs |
| Infant Mortality | -4.9%23.3 | +5.2%24.5 |
| Literacy Rate | — | — |
| Unemployment | +148.0%10.5% | -59.7%4.2% |
| Capital | Kathmandu | New Delhi |
| Region | Asia | Asia |
| Languages | Nepali | English, Hindi, Tamil |
| Currencies | NPR (₨) | INR (₹) |
Last updated: March 2026
All data sourced from World Bank Open Data (2025) and REST Countries API. Economic data may reflect most recent available year.
Population Comparison
India is 47.4 times more populous than Nepal, with 1.42B residents compared to 29.9M. Nepal is a nation of 29.9M people, while India is one of fewer than three countries with a population exceeding 1 billion. In terms of population density, Nepal averages 203 people per km² (dense), while India averages 431 people per km² (dense). Population growth rate data is not available for either country over the past decade.
Economy Comparison
Nepal is classified as a lower-middle-income economy, while India is classified as a lower-middle-income economy. The India economy ($3.91T) is 91.1 times larger than Nepal's ($42.9B). Nepal's GDP per capita of $1,447.31 is 87% below the regional average of 11,200 for Asia. India's GDP per capita of $2,694.738 is 76% below the regional average of 11,200 for Asia. On a per-capita basis, residents of India are on average 1.9 times wealthier than those in Nepal.
Health & Quality of Life
Life expectancy in Nepal is 70.4 years, compared to 72.0 years in India, a gap of 1.6 years. India (72.0 years) is at the global average of 72 years, while Nepal (70.4 years) is 1.6 years below the global average of 72 years. At 24.5 deaths per 1,000 live births, India's infant mortality is 5% higher than Nepal's 23.3.
Geographic Comparison
India (3,287,263 km²) is 22.3 times larger by land area than Nepal (147,181 km²). Nepal shares borders with 2 countries, while India borders 6 countries. Nepal spans 1 timezone, compared to India's 1 timezone. Both Nepal and India are located in Asia. Both countries fall within the Asia region, though they occupy different subregions: Southern Asia and Southern Asia.
Key Differences
The most significant difference between Nepal and India is in GDP: Nepal's $42.9B compared to India's $3.91T represents a 99% gap. The most significant difference between Nepal and India is in population: Nepal's 29.9M compared to India's 1.42B represents a 98% gap. The most significant difference between Nepal and India is in land area: Nepal's 147,181 km² compared to India's 3,287,263 km² represents a 96% gap. These disparities reflect the broader structural differences between Nepal's lower-middle-income economy and India's lower-middle-income economy.
At a Glance: What the Numbers Mean
Living Standards
India has a GDP per capita of $2,694.738, which is 1.9x that of Nepal ($1,447.31). This gap reflects differences in economic development, industrial structure, and workforce productivity. In practical terms, average purchasing power in India is significantly higher, though cost of living differences partially offset the raw income gap.
Population Density
India is 2.1x more densely populated than Nepal (431 vs 203 people per km²). Higher density typically correlates with more urbanization, greater demand for public transit, and higher housing costs. Nepal's lower density suggests more rural land use and potentially lower urban congestion.
Healthcare and Longevity
Citizens of India live an average of 1.6 years longer than those of Nepal (72.0 vs 70.4 years). This gap reflects differences in healthcare access, nutrition, public health infrastructure, and environmental factors. This is a moderate difference that could narrow with continued development.
Economic Momentum
India's economy grew at 6.5% compared to Nepal's 3.7%. India's high growth rate suggests a rapidly developing economy with expanding opportunities.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which is bigger, Nepal or India by population?
India is larger by population, with 1.42B residents compared to Nepal's 29.9M. India is 47.4 times more populous than Nepal.
Which country has a higher GDP, Nepal or India?
India has the higher GDP at $3.91T, compared to Nepal's $42.9B. India's economy is 91.1 times larger.
How does life expectancy compare between Nepal and India?
India has a higher life expectancy at 72.0 years, compared to Nepal's 70.4 years. The gap between the two countries is 1.6 years. Nepal's life expectancy is 1.6 years below the global average of 72 years, while India's is at the global average of 72 years.
Which country is larger by area, Nepal or India?
India is larger by land area, covering 3,287,263 km² compared to Nepal's 147,181 km². India is 22.3 times larger than Nepal.
What languages are spoken in Nepal and India?
Nepal recognizes the following official language: Nepali. India recognizes: English, Hindi, Tamil. The two countries do not share an official language.
Which country has lower inflation, Nepal or India?
Nepal has lower inflation at 4.7%, compared to India's 5.0%. Nepal's inflation is moderately elevated above the global median of 3.5%, while India's rate is moderately elevated above the global median of 3.5%.