Nigeria vs Brazil
Nigeria has a population of 223.8M, compared to Brazil's 213.4M. Nigeria is 1.0 times more populous than Brazil. Economically, Brazil ($2.19T) has a GDP 8.7 times larger than Nigeria's ($252.3B). Brazil covers 8,515,767 km², 9.2 times larger than Nigeria's 923,768 km². Life expectancy in Brazil stands at 75.8 years, 21.4 years higher than Nigeria's 54.5 years.
NigeriaBrazil| Population | +4.9%223.8M | -4.6%213.4M |
| Area | -89.2%923,768 km² | +821.9%8,515,767 km² |
| GDP | -88.5%$252.3B | +766.5%$2.19T |
| GDP Per Capita | -89.5%$1,084.16 | +851.0%$10,310.549 |
| Life Expectancy | -28.2%54.5 yrs | +39.3%75.8 yrs |
| Infant Mortality | +380.8%60.1 | -79.2%12.5 |
| Literacy Rate | — | — |
| Unemployment | -48.7%3.1% | +94.8%6.0% |
| Capital | Abuja | Brasília |
| Region | Africa | Americas |
| Languages | English | Portuguese |
| Currencies | NGN (₦) | BRL (R$) |
Last updated: March 2026
All data sourced from World Bank Open Data (2025) and REST Countries API. Economic data may reflect most recent available year.
Population Comparison
Nigeria is 1.0 times more populous than Brazil, with 223.8M residents compared to 213.4M. Nigeria is among the world's 15 most populous countries, while Brazil is among the world's 15 most populous countries. In terms of population density, Nigeria averages 242 people per km² (dense), while Brazil averages 25 people per km² (sparse). While Nigeria has grown at 2.33% annually over the past decade, Brazil has grown at 0.62% per year over the same period.
Economy Comparison
Nigeria is classified as a low-income economy, while Brazil is classified as a upper-middle-income economy. The Brazil economy ($2.19T) is 8.7 times larger than Nigeria's ($252.3B). Nigeria's GDP per capita of $1,084.16 is 51% below the regional average of 2,200 for Africa. Brazil's GDP per capita of $10,310.549 is 24% below the regional average of 13,500 for Americas. On a per-capita basis, residents of Brazil are on average 9.5 times wealthier than those in Nigeria.
Health & Quality of Life
Life expectancy in Nigeria is 54.5 years, compared to 75.8 years in Brazil, a gap of 21.4 years. Brazil (75.8 years) is 3.8 years above the global average of 72 years, while Nigeria (54.5 years) is 17.5 years below the global average of 72 years. At 60.1 deaths per 1,000 live births, Nigeria's infant mortality is 381% higher than Brazil's 12.5.
Geographic Comparison
Brazil (8,515,767 km²) is 9.2 times larger by land area than Nigeria (923,768 km²). Nigeria shares borders with 4 countries, while Brazil borders 10 countries. Nigeria spans 1 timezone, compared to Brazil's 4 timezones. Nigeria lies in Africa, while Brazil is located in South America. Nigeria is categorized within the Africa region (Western Africa), whereas Brazil belongs to Americas (South America).
Key Differences
The most significant difference between Nigeria and Brazil is in GDP per capita: Nigeria's $1,084.16 compared to Brazil's $10,310.549 represents a 89% gap. The most significant difference between Nigeria and Brazil is in land area: Nigeria's 923,768 km² compared to Brazil's 8,515,767 km² represents a 89% gap. The most significant difference between Nigeria and Brazil is in GDP: Nigeria's $252.3B compared to Brazil's $2.19T represents a 88% gap. These disparities reflect the broader structural differences between Nigeria's low-income economy and Brazil's upper-middle-income economy.
At a Glance: What the Numbers Mean
Living Standards
Brazil has a GDP per capita of $10,310.549, which is 9.5x that of Nigeria ($1,084.16). This gap reflects differences in economic development, industrial structure, and workforce productivity. In practical terms, average purchasing power in Brazil is significantly higher, though cost of living differences partially offset the raw income gap.
Population Density
Nigeria is 9.7x more densely populated than Brazil (242 vs 25 people per km²). Higher density typically correlates with more urbanization, greater demand for public transit, and higher housing costs. Brazil's lower density suggests more rural land use and potentially lower urban congestion.
Healthcare and Longevity
Citizens of Brazil live an average of 21.4 years longer than those of Nigeria (75.8 vs 54.5 years). This gap reflects differences in healthcare access, nutrition, public health infrastructure, and environmental factors. This is a substantial gap that suggests significant differences in healthcare systems and overall living conditions.
Economic Momentum
Nigeria's economy grew at 4.1% compared to Brazil's 3.4%. Both countries show healthy growth, though Nigeria has a modest edge in economic dynamism.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which is bigger, Nigeria or Brazil by population?
Nigeria is larger by population, with 223.8M residents compared to Brazil's 213.4M. Nigeria is 1.0 times more populous than Brazil.
Which country has a higher GDP, Nigeria or Brazil?
Brazil has the higher GDP at $2.19T, compared to Nigeria's $252.3B. Brazil's economy is 8.7 times larger.
How does life expectancy compare between Nigeria and Brazil?
Brazil has a higher life expectancy at 75.8 years, compared to Nigeria's 54.5 years. The gap between the two countries is 21.4 years. Nigeria's life expectancy is 17.5 years below the global average of 72 years, while Brazil's is 3.8 years above the global average of 72 years.
Which country is larger by area, Nigeria or Brazil?
Brazil is larger by land area, covering 8,515,767 km² compared to Nigeria's 923,768 km². Brazil is 9.2 times larger than Nigeria.
What languages are spoken in Nigeria and Brazil?
Nigeria recognizes the following official language: English. Brazil recognizes: Portuguese. The two countries do not share an official language.
Which country has lower inflation, Nigeria or Brazil?
Brazil has lower inflation at 4.4%, compared to Nigeria's 33.2%. Brazil's inflation is moderately elevated above the global median of 3.5%, while Nigeria's rate is severely elevated at 33.2%, a rate that erodes household purchasing power.