India vs China
India has a population of 1.42B, compared to China's 1.41B. India is 1.0 times more populous than China. Economically, China ($18.74T) has a GDP 4.8 times larger than India's ($3.91T). China covers 9,706,961 km², 3.0 times larger than India's 3,287,263 km². Life expectancy in China stands at 78.0 years, 6.0 years higher than India's 72.0 years.
IndiaChina| Population | +0.7%1.42B | -0.6%1.41B |
| Area | -66.1%3,287,263 km² | +195.3%9,706,961 km² |
| GDP | -79.1%$3.91T | +379.4%$18.74T |
| GDP Per Capita | -79.7%$2,694.738 | +393.7%$13,303.148 |
| Life Expectancy | -7.6%72.0 yrs | +8.3%78.0 yrs |
| Infant Mortality | +444.4%24.5 | -81.6%4.5 |
| Literacy Rate | — | — |
| Unemployment | -8.6%4.2% | +9.4%4.6% |
| Capital | New Delhi | Beijing |
| Region | Asia | Asia |
| Languages | English, Hindi, Tamil | Chinese |
| Currencies | INR (₹) | CNY (¥) |
Last updated: March 2026
All data sourced from World Bank Open Data (2025) and REST Countries API. Economic data may reflect most recent available year.
Population Comparison
India is 1.0 times more populous than China, with 1.42B residents compared to 1.41B. India is one of fewer than three countries with a population exceeding 1 billion, while China is one of fewer than three countries with a population exceeding 1 billion. In terms of population density, India averages 431 people per km² (dense), while China averages 145 people per km² (moderate). China has grown at 0.34% annually over the past decade. Population growth data is not available for India.
Economy Comparison
India is classified as a lower-middle-income economy, while China is classified as a upper-middle-income economy. The China economy ($18.74T) is 4.8 times larger than India's ($3.91T). India's GDP per capita of $2,694.738 is 76% below the regional average of 11,200 for Asia. China's GDP per capita of $13,303.148 is 19% above the regional average of 11,200 for Asia. On a per-capita basis, residents of China are on average 4.9 times wealthier than those in India.
Health & Quality of Life
Life expectancy in India is 72.0 years, compared to 78.0 years in China, a gap of 6.0 years. China (78.0 years) is 6.0 years above the global average of 72 years, while India (72.0 years) is at the global average of 72 years. At 24.5 deaths per 1,000 live births, India's infant mortality is 444% higher than China's 4.5.
Geographic Comparison
China (9,706,961 km²) is 3.0 times larger by land area than India (3,287,263 km²). India shares borders with 6 countries, while China borders 16 countries. India spans 1 timezone, compared to China's 1 timezone. Both India and China are located in Asia. Both countries fall within the Asia region, though they occupy different subregions: Southern Asia and Eastern Asia.
Key Differences
The most significant difference between India and China is in infant mortality: India's 24.5 per 1,000 compared to China's 4.5 per 1,000 represents a 82% gap. The most significant difference between India and China is in GDP per capita: India's $2,694.738 compared to China's $13,303.148 represents a 80% gap. The most significant difference between India and China is in GDP: India's $3.91T compared to China's $18.74T represents a 79% gap. These disparities reflect the broader structural differences between India's lower-middle-income economy and China's upper-middle-income economy.
At a Glance: What the Numbers Mean
Living Standards
China has a GDP per capita of $13,303.148, which is 4.9x that of India ($2,694.738). This gap reflects differences in economic development, industrial structure, and workforce productivity. In practical terms, average purchasing power in China is significantly higher, though cost of living differences partially offset the raw income gap.
Population Density
India is 3.0x more densely populated than China (431 vs 145 people per km²). Higher density typically correlates with more urbanization, greater demand for public transit, and higher housing costs. China's lower density suggests more rural land use and potentially lower urban congestion.
Healthcare and Longevity
Citizens of China live an average of 6.0 years longer than those of India (78.0 vs 72.0 years). This gap reflects differences in healthcare access, nutrition, public health infrastructure, and environmental factors. This is a substantial gap that suggests significant differences in healthcare systems and overall living conditions.
Economic Momentum
India's economy grew at 6.5% compared to China's 5.0%. India's high growth rate suggests a rapidly developing economy with expanding opportunities.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which is bigger, India or China by population?
India is larger by population, with 1.42B residents compared to China's 1.41B. India is 1.0 times more populous than China.
Which country has a higher GDP, India or China?
China has the higher GDP at $18.74T, compared to India's $3.91T. China's economy is 4.8 times larger.
How does life expectancy compare between India and China?
China has a higher life expectancy at 78.0 years, compared to India's 72.0 years. The gap between the two countries is 6.0 years. India's life expectancy is at the global average of 72 years, while China's is 6.0 years above the global average of 72 years.
Which country is larger by area, India or China?
China is larger by land area, covering 9,706,961 km² compared to India's 3,287,263 km². China is 3.0 times larger than India.
What languages are spoken in India and China?
India recognizes the following languages: English, Hindi, Tamil. China recognizes: Chinese. The two countries do not share an official language.
Which country has lower inflation, India or China?
China has lower inflation at 0.2%, compared to India's 5.0%. China's inflation is within the 2-3% range considered stable by most central banks, while India's rate is moderately elevated above the global median of 3.5%.