Madagascar

Antananarivo · Africa

Population

31.7M

World Bank, 2025

Area

587,041 km²

GDP

$17.4B

World Bank, 2025

GDP Per Capita

$544.988

World Bank, 2025

Life Expectancy

63.6 yrs

World Bank, 2025

Capital

Antananarivo

Madagascar is a country located in Eastern Africa, with its capital in Antananarivo. As of 2025, it has a population of 31.7M and covers an area of 587,041 km². The economy of Madagascar has a gross domestic product (GDP) of $17.4B (World Bank, 2025), translating to a per-capita income of $544.988 with annual economic growth of 4.2%. Life expectancy in Madagascar stands at 63.6 years (World Bank, 2025), below the global average of 72 years. The official languages include French, Malagasy, and the currency is the Malagasy ariary (Ar). Madagascar is an island nation with no land borders.

Population Growth — Madagascar

GDP Trend (USD)

How Large Is Madagascar's Economy?

Madagascar's GDP of $17.4B makes it a low-income economy by World Bank classification. GDP per capita of $545 is 75% below the regional average of 2,200 (World Bank, 2025). The economy has grown 28% over the past decade, from $12.4B in 2013 to $15.9B in 2023. The most recent annual growth rate of 4.2% is above the global median of 3.1% (World Bank, 2025). The unemployment rate of 3.0% is 61% below the regional average of 7.8 (World Bank, 2025). Madagascar's official currency is the Malagasy ariary (Ar). As a UN member, Madagascar participates in multilateral trade frameworks.

GDP

$17.4B

World Bank, 2025

GDP Per Capita

$544.988

World Bank, 2025

GDP Growth

4.2%

Unemployment

3.0%

Inflation

—

Currencies

MGA

What Are Madagascar's Demographics?

With 31.7M people, Madagascar is a nation of 31.7M people. At 54 people per km², the country is moderately populated. Population has grown at 2.6% annually over the past decade (World Bank, 2025). Life expectancy stands at 63.6 years, 8.4 years below the global average of 72 years. Infant mortality of 44.2 per 1,000 live births is near the regional average of 44 (World Bank, 2025). The country recognizes 2 official languages, including French and Malagasy. Over the past decade, Madagascar's population grew from 13.6M to 31.2M, adding 17.6M people.

Population

31.7M

World Bank, 2025

Life Expectancy

63.6 yrs

World Bank, 2025

Infant Mortality

44.2 per 1k

Literacy Rate

—

Languages

French, Malagasy

CO₂ Per Capita

—

Where Is Madagascar Located?

Madagascar covers 587,041 km² (227,000 sq miles) and shares no land borders. The country sits within the Africa region, Eastern Africa subregion, spanning Africa. Antananarivo serves as the seat of government and administrative capital of Madagascar. The country spans 1 time zone. Recognized internationally by ISO codes MG and MDG, Madagascar is an independent sovereign state and a full UN member. Its 1 currency (MGA) reflects its participation in multilateral trade and monetary frameworks.

Area

587,041 km²

Region

Africa

Subregion

Eastern Africa

Capital

Antananarivo

Timezones

UTC+03:00

Continents

Africa

Data sourced from World Bank Open Data. Last updated: March 2026.

Frequently Asked Questions about Madagascar

What is the population of Madagascar?

Madagascar has a population of 31.7M as of 2025, according to World Bank data. Life expectancy is 63.6 years.

What is the capital of Madagascar?

The capital of Madagascar is Antananarivo. It serves as the country's administrative and political center.

What is the GDP of Madagascar?

Madagascar's GDP is $17.4B as of 2025 (World Bank). GDP per capita is $544.988. The economy grew at 4.2% in 2025.

What is the life expectancy in Madagascar?

The average life expectancy in Madagascar is 63.6 years (World Bank, 2025), below the global average of 72 years. The infant mortality rate is 44.2 per 1,000 live births.

What region is Madagascar in?

Madagascar is located in Africa, specifically in Eastern Africa. It is part of the continent of Africa.

What is the size of Madagascar?

Madagascar covers an area of 587,041 km² (226,658 square miles). The population density is approximately 54.0 people per km².

What currency does Madagascar use?

Madagascar uses the Malagasy ariary (Ar) with currency code MGA.

What language is spoken in Madagascar?

The official languages of Madagascar are French, Malagasy.

Is Madagascar a member of the United Nations?

Yes, Madagascar is a member of the United Nations.

What is Madagascar's GDP?

Madagascar's GDP is $17.4B (World Bank, 2025). This places it among Africa's economies by total output.

What is Madagascar's GDP per capita?

Madagascar's GDP per capita is $545, which is 75% below the regional average of 2,200 (World Bank, 2025).

What is Madagascar's inflation rate?

Data not available.

What is the population density of Madagascar?

Madagascar has a population density of 54 people per km², making it moderately populated.

What is the life expectancy in Madagascar?

Life expectancy in Madagascar is 63.6 years, 8.4 years below the global average of 72 years (World Bank, 2025).

What is the total area of Madagascar?

Madagascar has a total land area of 587,041 km² (227,000 sq miles). This measurement covers the country's total sovereign territory as recorded by international geographic databases.

How many countries does Madagascar border?

Madagascar does not share any land borders with other countries. It is entirely surrounded by water, making it an island or island-group nation.