Turkmenistan
Ashgabat · Asia
Population
7.1M
Area
488,100 km²
GDP
$51.4B
GDP Per Capita
$6,856.658
Life Expectancy
70.1 yrs
Capital
Ashgabat
Turkmenistan is a country located in Central Asia, with its capital in Ashgabat. As of 2025, it has a population of 7.1M and covers an area of 488,100 km². The economy of Turkmenistan has a gross domestic product (GDP) of $51.4B (World Bank, 2025), translating to a per-capita income of $6,856.658 with annual economic growth of 6.3%. Life expectancy in Turkmenistan stands at 70.1 years (World Bank, 2025), above the global average of 72 years. The official languages include Russian, Turkmen, and the currency is the Turkmenistan manat (m). Turkmenistan shares land borders with 4 countries.
Population Growth — Turkmenistan
GDP Trend (USD)
How Large Is Turkmenistan's Economy?
Turkmenistan's GDP of $51.4B makes it a upper-middle-income economy by World Bank classification. GDP per capita of $6,857 is 39% below the regional average of 11,200 (World Bank, 2025). The economy has grown 17% over the past decade, from $39.2B in 2013 to $45.9B in 2023. The most recent annual growth rate of 6.3% is above the global median of 3.1% (World Bank, 2025). The unemployment rate of 4.3% is near the regional average of 4.2 (World Bank, 2025). Turkmenistan's official currency is the Turkmenistan manat (m). As a UN member, Turkmenistan participates in multilateral trade frameworks.
GDP
$51.4B
GDP Per Capita
$6,856.658
GDP Growth
6.3%
Unemployment
4.3%
Inflation
—
Currencies
TMT
What Are Turkmenistan's Demographics?
With 7.1M people, Turkmenistan is a nation of 7.1M people. At 14 people per km², the country is sparsely populated. Population has grown at 2.2% annually over the past decade (World Bank, 2025). Life expectancy stands at 70.1 years, 1.9 years below the global average of 72 years. Infant mortality of 31.2 per 1,000 live births is 73% above the regional average of 18 (World Bank, 2025). The country recognizes 2 official languages, including Russian and Turkmen. Over the past decade, Turkmenistan's population grew from 4.1M to 7.4M, adding 3.2M people.
Population
7.1M
Life Expectancy
70.1 yrs
Infant Mortality
31.2 per 1k
Literacy Rate
—
Languages
Russian, Turkmen
CO₂ Per Capita
—
Where Is Turkmenistan Located?
Turkmenistan covers 488,100 km² (188,000 sq miles) and shares land borders with 4 countries. The country sits within the Asia region, Central Asia subregion, spanning Asia. Ashgabat serves as the seat of government and administrative capital of Turkmenistan. The country spans 1 time zone. Recognized internationally by ISO codes TM and TKM, Turkmenistan is an independent sovereign state and a full UN member. Its 1 currency (TMT) reflects its participation in multilateral trade and monetary frameworks.
Area
488,100 km²
Region
Asia
Subregion
Central Asia
Capital
Ashgabat
Timezones
UTC+05:00
Continents
Asia
Data sourced from World Bank Open Data. Last updated: March 2026.
Frequently Asked Questions about Turkmenistan
What is the population of Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan has a population of 7.1M as of 2025, according to World Bank data. Life expectancy is 70.1 years.
What is the capital of Turkmenistan?
The capital of Turkmenistan is Ashgabat. It serves as the country's administrative and political center.
What is the GDP of Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan's GDP is $51.4B as of 2025 (World Bank). GDP per capita is $6,856.658. The economy grew at 6.3% in 2025.
What is the life expectancy in Turkmenistan?
The average life expectancy in Turkmenistan is 70.1 years (World Bank, 2025), above the global average. The infant mortality rate is 31.2 per 1,000 live births.
What region is Turkmenistan in?
Turkmenistan is located in Asia, specifically in Central Asia. It is part of the continent of Asia.
What is the size of Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan covers an area of 488,100 km² (188,456 square miles). The population density is approximately 14.5 people per km².
What currency does Turkmenistan use?
Turkmenistan uses the Turkmenistan manat (m) with currency code TMT.
What language is spoken in Turkmenistan?
The official languages of Turkmenistan are Russian, Turkmen.
Is Turkmenistan a member of the United Nations?
Yes, Turkmenistan is a member of the United Nations.
What is Turkmenistan's GDP?
Turkmenistan's GDP is $51.4B (World Bank, 2025). This places it among Asia's economies by total output.
What is Turkmenistan's GDP per capita?
Turkmenistan's GDP per capita is $6,857, which is 39% below the regional average of 11,200 (World Bank, 2025).
What is Turkmenistan's inflation rate?
Data not available.
What is the population density of Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan has a population density of 14 people per km², making it sparsely populated.
What is the life expectancy in Turkmenistan?
Life expectancy in Turkmenistan is 70.1 years, 1.9 years below the global average of 72 years (World Bank, 2025).
What is the total area of Turkmenistan?
Turkmenistan has a total land area of 488,100 km² (188,000 sq miles). This measurement covers the country's total sovereign territory as recorded by international geographic databases.
How many countries does Turkmenistan border?
Turkmenistan shares land borders with 4 countries (identified by the ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes: AFG, IRN, KAZ, UZB). These borders define the country's overland connections to the wider region.
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Quick Facts
- Official Name
- Turkmenistan
- Capital
- Ashgabat
- Region
- Asia · Central Asia
- Languages
- Russian, Turkmen
- Currency
- Turkmenistan manat (m)
- UN Member
- Yes
- Independent
- Yes
- ISO Codes
- TM / TKM
Border Countries
More in Asia
Data sources: World Bank (2023), REST Countries API