Ethiopia

Addis Ababa · Africa

Population

111.7M

World Bank, 2025

Area

1,104,300 km²

GDP

$149.7B

World Bank, 2025

GDP Per Capita

$1,133.883

World Bank, 2025

Life Expectancy

67.3 yrs

World Bank, 2025

Capital

Addis Ababa

Ethiopia is a country located in Eastern Africa, with its capital in Addis Ababa. As of 2025, it has a population of 111.7M and covers an area of 1,104,300 km². The economy of Ethiopia has a gross domestic product (GDP) of $149.7B (World Bank, 2025), translating to a per-capita income of $1,133.883 with annual economic growth of 7.6%. Life expectancy in Ethiopia stands at 67.3 years (World Bank, 2025), below the global average of 72 years. The official language is Amharic, and the currency is the Ethiopian birr (Br). Ethiopia shares land borders with 6 countries.

Population Growth — Ethiopia

GDP Trend (USD)

How Large Is Ethiopia's Economy?

Ethiopia's GDP of $149.7B makes it a low-income economy by World Bank classification. GDP per capita of $1,134 is 48% below the regional average of 2,200 (World Bank, 2025). The economy has grown 185% over the past decade, from $47.6B in 2013 to $135.9B in 2023. The most recent annual growth rate of 7.6% is above the global median of 3.1% (World Bank, 2025). The unemployment rate of 3.3% is 57% below the regional average of 7.8 (World Bank, 2025). Inflation of 21.0% is severely elevated at 21.0%, a rate that erodes household purchasing power. Ethiopia's official currency is the Ethiopian birr (Br). As a UN member, Ethiopia participates in multilateral trade frameworks.

GDP

$149.7B

World Bank, 2025

GDP Per Capita

$1,133.883

World Bank, 2025

GDP Growth

7.6%

Unemployment

3.3%

Inflation

21.0%

Currencies

ETB

What Are Ethiopia's Demographics?

With 111.7M people, Ethiopia is among the world's 15 most populous countries. At 101 people per km², the country is moderately populated. Population has grown at 2.7% annually over the past decade (World Bank, 2025). Life expectancy stands at 67.3 years, 4.7 years below the global average of 72 years. Infant mortality of 35.7 per 1,000 live births is 19% below the regional average of 44 (World Bank, 2025). The country's official language is Amharic. Over the past decade, Ethiopia's population grew from 55.6M to 128.7M, adding 73.1M people.

Population

111.7M

World Bank, 2025

Life Expectancy

67.3 yrs

World Bank, 2025

Infant Mortality

35.7 per 1k

Literacy Rate

—

Languages

Amharic

CO₂ Per Capita

—

Where Is Ethiopia Located?

Ethiopia covers 1,104,300 km² (426,000 sq miles) and shares land borders with 6 countries. The country sits within the Africa region, Eastern Africa subregion, spanning Africa. Addis Ababa serves as the seat of government and administrative capital of Ethiopia. The country spans 1 time zone. Recognized internationally by ISO codes ET and ETH, Ethiopia is an independent sovereign state and a full UN member. Its 1 currency (ETB) reflects its participation in multilateral trade and monetary frameworks.

Area

1,104,300 km²

Region

Africa

Subregion

Eastern Africa

Capital

Addis Ababa

Timezones

UTC+03:00

Continents

Africa

Data sourced from World Bank Open Data. Last updated: March 2026.

Frequently Asked Questions about Ethiopia

What is the population of Ethiopia?

Ethiopia has a population of 111.7M as of 2025, according to World Bank data. Life expectancy is 67.3 years.

What is the capital of Ethiopia?

The capital of Ethiopia is Addis Ababa. It serves as the country's administrative and political center.

What is the GDP of Ethiopia?

Ethiopia's GDP is $149.7B as of 2025 (World Bank). GDP per capita is $1,133.883. The economy grew at 7.6% in 2025.

What is the life expectancy in Ethiopia?

The average life expectancy in Ethiopia is 67.3 years (World Bank, 2025), below the global average of 72 years. The infant mortality rate is 35.7 per 1,000 live births.

What region is Ethiopia in?

Ethiopia is located in Africa, specifically in Eastern Africa. It is part of the continent of Africa.

What is the size of Ethiopia?

Ethiopia covers an area of 1,104,300 km² (426,372 square miles). The population density is approximately 101.1 people per km².

What currency does Ethiopia use?

Ethiopia uses the Ethiopian birr (Br) with currency code ETB.

What language is spoken in Ethiopia?

The official language of Ethiopia is Amharic.

Is Ethiopia a member of the United Nations?

Yes, Ethiopia is a member of the United Nations.

What is Ethiopia's GDP?

Ethiopia's GDP is $149.7B (World Bank, 2025). This places it among Africa's economies by total output.

What is Ethiopia's GDP per capita?

Ethiopia's GDP per capita is $1,134, which is 48% below the regional average of 2,200 (World Bank, 2025).

What is Ethiopia's inflation rate?

Ethiopia's inflation rate is 21.0%, severely elevated at 21.0%, a rate that erodes household purchasing power (World Bank, 2025).

What is the population density of Ethiopia?

Ethiopia has a population density of 101 people per km², making it moderately populated.

What is the life expectancy in Ethiopia?

Life expectancy in Ethiopia is 67.3 years, 4.7 years below the global average of 72 years (World Bank, 2025).

What is the total area of Ethiopia?

Ethiopia has a total land area of 1,104,300 km² (426,000 sq miles). This measurement covers the country's total sovereign territory as recorded by international geographic databases.

How many countries does Ethiopia border?

Ethiopia shares land borders with 6 countries (identified by the ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 codes: DJI, ERI, KEN, SOM, SSD, SDN). These borders define the country's overland connections to the wider region.

Historical Economic Trajectory

Between 1994 and 2023, Ethiopia's GDP expanded by 1814% in nominal terms, rising from $7.1B to $135.9B over 29 years. This more-than-doubling of economic output reflects sustained structural growth across the period. Over the same reference period (1994 to 2023), Ethiopia's population grew from 55.6M to 128.7M, a change of 131% (73.1M people) across 29 years. This rapid demographic expansion has had direct implications for labour supply, urbanisation, and social infrastructure investment. Taken together, the GDP and population trajectories from 1994 onward illustrate how Ethiopia's economic output has evolved relative to its demographic base. Real GDP per capita has broadly improved over the span, as nominal output growth outpaced population growth by approximately 1683 percentage points.

Global Comparative Standing

Ethiopia's GDP per capita of $1,134 is 48% below the regional average of 2,200 of $2,200 for the Africa region (World Bank, 2025). Life expectancy of 67.3 years is 6% above the regional average of 63.5 of 63.5 years for Africa (World Bank, 2025). With a population of 111.7M, Ethiopia is among the world's 15 most populous countries.